347 tšepe e sa hloekang ea lik'hemik'hale Bongata ba mali a venous kapa capillary, a tobileng SARS-CoV-2, likarabelo tsa T-cell li etsa qeto ea ho itšireletsa ho COVID-19.

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347 tšepe e sa hloekang metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale

Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale tsa Coil Tube ea Stainless Steel 347

Sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale le thepa ea mochini ea tube ea tšepe e sa hloekang ea 347 ke tse latelang:
- Khabone - 0.030% max
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Nickel - 8-10.5%
- Manganese - 1% max

Lisebelisoa tsa Mechanical tsa Coil 347 Coil Tube

Ho ea ka Moetsi oa Coil Tube ea Stainless Steel 347, Mechanical Properties ea 347 Coil Tube:
- Matla a Tensile (psi) - 75,000 min
- Matla a Lihlahisoa (psi) - 30,000 min
- Elongation (% ho 2″) - 25% mets
- Brinell Hardness (BHN) - 170 max

Lits'ebeliso le Ts'ebeliso ea Ts'ebetso ea Ts'epi ea 347 Coil Tube

• Coil Tube ea Stainless Steel 347 e sebelisitsoeng ka Mechini ea Tsoekere.
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• Stainless Steel 347 Coil Tube e sebelisoang Lijong le lebeseng.
• Stainless Steel 347 Coil Tube e sebelisoang Sebakeng sa Oli le Khase.
• Moetsi oa Coil Tube oa Stainless Steel 347 o sebelisitsoeng indastering ea ho haha ​​​​likepe.

Lisele tsa T tse khethehileng tsa SARS-CoV-2 ho nahanoa hore li sireletsa khahlanong le tšoaetso le tsoelo-pele ea COVID-19, empa ha ho na bopaki bo tobileng bakeng sa sena.Mona, re bapisitse litekanyo tse felletseng tsa mali tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific interferon-γ lisele tse ntle tsa T tse nang le liphetho tse ntle tsa tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 (PCR le/kapa phallo ea morao) nakong ea likhoeli tse 6 tsa pokello ea mali ea Lian.Har'a barupeluoa ba 148 ba faneng ka lisampole tsa mali a venous, boholo ba karabelo e khethehileng ea SARS-CoV-2-specific T e ne e phahame haholo ho ba ileng ba lula ba sirelelitsoe ho feta ba neng ba tšoaelitsoe (P <0.0001).% kotsi ea tšoaetso, ha matla a phahameng a fokotsa kotsi ena ho 5.4%.Liphetho tsena li ne li fetisetsoa ho barupeluoa ba eketsehileng ba 299 ba ileng ba leka tlhahlobo ea mali ea capillary e ka khonang ho thusa ho fumana lintlha tsa ts'ireletso ea lisele tsa T-cell (14.9% vs. 4.4%).Kahoo, litekanyo tsa lisele tsa T tse khethehileng bakeng sa SARS-CoV-2 li ka bolela esale pele kotsi ea ts'oaetso mme li lokela ho hlahlojoa ha ho lekoa boemo ba 'mele ba motho le batho.
Ho lekanya le ho utloisisa karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ho ts'oaetso ea SARS-CoV-2 ho bohlokoa ho theha maano a sebetsang a kamoso a ho fokotsa litlamorao tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba le moruo oa ho phatloha ha COVID-19 nakong e tlang.Ho tsebahatsa li-immune correlates ho tla fana ka tlhahisoleseling ea bohlokoa mabapi le ts'oaetso ea sechaba ea ts'oaetso ea vaerase, mohlomong temoso ea pele ea ho kena sepetlele, hape ho lumella batho ho laola kotsi ea bona ea tšoaetso le kotsi ea ho tšoaetsa ba bang.Boikoetliso ba 'mele bo ipakile bo le bohlokoa ho lekola katleho ea liente tsa COVID-19 ho bakuli ba phetseng hantle le ba kotsing e kholo1,2,3 haholo-holo ho liphetoho tsa SARS-CoV-24, mme ho fumanoa ha immunocompromised ho tla bolela tlhoko ea ho matlafatsa Tšireletso ea 'mele Ho fumana ente le ho thibela. ho qhoma nakong e tlang .
Boemo ba motho ba ho itšireletsa tšoaetsong ea SARS-CoV-2 bo ipapisitse le lintlha tse 'maloa: bongata ba kokoana-hloko ka nako ea ho pepeseha, mefuta e fapaneng ea kokoana-hloko, lilemo, boemo ba ente ea pele / tšoaetso, comorbidities, meriana, mme haholo-holo, tšoaetso ea anti-SARS-CoV. .2 karabelo e feto-fetohang ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e etsahala ka nako ea ho pepesehela kokoana-hloko5.Tekolo ea karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ho ts'oaetso ea SARS-CoV-2 le/kapa ente e tsepamisitse maikutlo litlhahlobong tsa serological tse lekanyang boteng ba li-antibodies tse ikhethileng bakeng sa protheine ea sebopeho (mohlala, spike glycoprotein).Leha ho le joalo, ho ba teng kapa ho ba sieo ha li-antibodies feela ha ho khetholle ka nepo karabo ea ts'ireletso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, kaha likarabo li fokotsehile haholo ha nako e ntse e feta6 le ho se nke lehlakore ha mefuta ea SARS-CoV-2 molemong oa ho fola kapa ho entoa habeli ho etsa mesebetsi e fokolang, e ka lebisang ts'ebetsong e kholo. palo ea ts'oaetso ea katleho7.Ehlile, ts'ireletso khahlano le matšoao a COVID-19 e bakiloeng ke mofuta oa Omicron (B.1.1.529) e theohetse ho hoo e ka bang 10% kamora likhoeli tse 4-6 feela tsa ente ea mRNA, leha ts'ireletso khahlanong le lefu le matla e ile ea phehella> 68% bonyane likhoeli tse 78.Ho lekanya likarabo tsa lisele tsa T, tse fanang ka tšireletso ea nako e telele khahlanong le tšoaetso ea kokoana-hloko, ke sesupo se setle sa ho ba kotsing ea ts'oaetso ea SARS-CoV-2, ka hona ke sesupo se betere sa kotsi ea ho hlahlojoa hore o na le COVID-199, kaha T e tobileng. lisele li ka thibela tšoaetso.ntle le seroconversion10,11.Leha ho le joalo, tekanyo ea likarabo tsa lisele tsa T e fumane tlhokomelo e fokolang ka lebaka la mathata a mekhoa le mathata a tsamaiso ea ho fumana le ho tsamaisa lisampole tsa mali tsa venous, haholo-holo ha ho etsoa lithuto tse kholo tsa ho shebella ho hlahloba katleho ea ente le ho shebella ho itšireletsa mafung.Leha ho le joalo, batho ba entoeng ba bonts'a ts'ebetso e matla ea lisele tsa T khahlano le mefuta e fapaneng ea SARS-CoV-2, e ka fokotsang tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso ea antibody ho fokotsa botebo ba COVID-1912,13.
Mona, re batlile ho utloisisa hore na tekanyo e le 'ngoe ea karabelo ea lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2 T e ka bolela esale pele kotsi e felletseng ea ts'oaetso ea SARS-CoV-2 nakong ea likhoeli tse 6 tsa sampole ea mali, ho sa tsotelehe mabaka a pele a ho itšireletsa mafung.E le ho etsa hore tlhahlobo ea T cell e be e phahameng le ho sebetsa lithutong tse kholoanyane, re ile ra boela ra leka ho etsa tlhahlobo e nyenyane e le hore e ka etsoa ka ho sebelisa sesepa sa mali sa capillary fingerstick.
Re ile ra lekanya likarabelo tsa 'mele oa ho itšireletsa mafung ho bafani ba phetseng hantle re sebelisa tlhahlobo e kopaneng ea lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2 T le li-antibodies tsa IgG tse ipapisitseng le mali a venous (bakeng sa litšoaneleho tsa barupeluoa, bona Hlakubele 2022 14. Ho bafani ba entetsoeng, SARS-CoV-2- likarabo tse khethehileng tsa T-cellular li ile tsa khethoa ka ho lekanya maemo a plasma interferon-γ (IFN-γ) ka mor'a ho tsosoa ha mali ka SARS-CoV-2 peptide (joaloka pele, refs. 14,15,16,17,18) le likarabo tsa IgG tse amanang. ka nucleocapsid (N) e ile ea eketseha ho ba ileng ba tlaleha tšoaetso e fetileng, le hoja likarabo ka bobeli li ne li le holimo ho bafani ba neng ba sa entoa ba neng ba e-na le tšoaetso pele, maximal 'meleng (Fig. 1a,b) Likarabo tsa IgG khahlanong le spike glycoproteins (RBD, S1, S2) li ne li le holimo ho bafani ba neng ba tšoaelitsoe nakong e fetileng (Setšoantšo sa 1c–e).
likarabelo tsa lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ+ T li lekantsoe ka tlhahlobo ea mali a venous le ho ipapisitsoe le liente tsa barupeluoa le boemo ba pele ba ts'oaetso ea SARS-CoV-2 (e netefalitsoeng ke PCR le/kapa tlhahlobo ea phallo ea morao-rao)' Vac + /Inf +' n = 60 (tala), 'Vac + /Inf-' n = 82 (putsoa), 'Vac-/Inf +' n = 4 (mosehla), 'Vac-/Inf-' n = 1 (ha e sebelisoe).Lits'ebetso tse tlamang tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG li shebile nucleocapsid ("N") (b; ****P <0.0001, **P = 0.0016), sebaka se tlamang se amohelang li-spiked ("RBD") (c; ** P = 0.0022, *P <0.015), spike subunit 1 (“S1”) (d; ***P = 0.0005, *(Vac + /Inf+ vs. Vac + /Inf-) P = 0.022, *(Vac- /Inf+ vs. Vac+/Inf-) P = 0.012) le peak subunit 2 (“S2”) (e) e ile ea lekanyetsoa ka liteko tsa mali a venous 'me ho ipapisitsoe le ente ea monka-karolo le pele ho SARS -CoV-2 (e netefalitsoeng ke PCR le/ kapa lateral flow test) boemo ba tšoaetso.'Vac + /Inf +' n = 60 (e tala), 'Vac + /Inf-' n = 71-82 (putsoa), 'Vac-/Inf +' n = 4 (mosehla).Papiso e entsoe ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea Kruskal-Wallis, e lokiselitsoeng ho bapisa hangata ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea Dunn.Lintlha li hlahisoa e le lichate (moeli o bohareng ho bohareng, moeli o ka holimo ho 75th percentile, moeli o ka tlaase ho 25th percentile) ka litelu tsa bonyane le boleng bo phahameng.Letheba ka leng le emela mofani.Lintlha tse tala li fanoa ka mokhoa oa lifaele tsa data tse tala.
Kamora ho etsa sampole ea mali, barupeluoa ba ile ba kopuoa ho itlaleha hore ba na le PCR le/kapa liphetho tsa tlhahlobo ea phallo ea mali bakeng sa COVID-19;haeba barupeluoa ba ile ba fumana hore ba na le tšoaetso lipakeng tsa la 1 Loetse 2021 le la 29 Tšitoe 2021, ho nahanoa hore ba tšoaelitsoe ke Delta (B.1.617.2) variant coronavirus le Omicron (B.1.1.529) ho Public Health Wales kamora la 29 Tšitoe 2021, ha khetho ena ea ho ameha e fetoha e ka sehloohong.Har'a bafani ba ka lekanyetsoang ba 148, re bone sekhahla sa ts'oaetso sa 26.3% (39/148) nakong ea likhoeli tse 6 tsa ho fana ka mali, ba 38 ho bona ba amohetse tekanyetso ea bobeli kapa ea boraro ea ente ea COVID-19 (kabelo ea ts'oaetso e etsahetse kamora Pfizer/BioNTech ( BNT162b2) ente ea mRNA kapa ente ea AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19));mofani ea sa entoeng le eena o ne a tšoaelitsoe.Boholo ba likarabo tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ-positive T cell bo ne bo le tlase haholo ho ba tlalehileng tlhahlobo e ntle ea tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 ho feta ho bafani ba sa tšoaelitsoeng (P <0.0001; Setšoantšo sa 2a), haholo-holo ka lebaka la Induction e nepahetseng ea likarabo tsa lisele tsa T ka ho entoa ho barupeluoa ba bang (P = 0.050; Tlatsetso ea setšoantšo sa 1).Ho ne ho se na kamano lipakeng tsa boholo ba karabelo ea lisele tsa IFN-γ+ T le nako ea sephetho se setle sa tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 (Setšoantšo sa Tlatsetso 2).Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ha ho likarabo tsa RBD-, S1-, S2-binding IgG (Figures 2b–d) kapa RBD-, S1-neutralizing antibody likarabo li ne li totobetse bakeng sa mofuta oa hlaha kapa delta SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.617).) (Supplementary Fig. 3) e ka khetholla pakeng tsa batho ba kotsing ea tšoaetso.Leha ho le joalo, likarabelo tse tlase tsa IgG tse hokahaneng le N-khahlano le SARS-CoV-2 tse amanang le kotsi ea tšoaetso ea COVID-19 (P = 0.0084; Setšoantšo sa 2e);ba ileng ba fumana hore ba na le tšoaetso ba ne ba le tlase ka 85% (P = 0.00035; KAPA 0.15, 95).% CI: 0.047-0.39 (Setšoantšo sa Tlatsetso 4).
Lisampole tsa mali a venous ho tsoa ho bafani ba phetseng hantle (n = 148) li hlahlobile likarabo tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ+ T-cell (a; ****P <0.0001) le ho tlama receptor ea Spike ho SARS-CoV e khethehileng. -2 tšusumetso.domain (“RBD”) (b), spike 1 subunit (“S1″) (c), spike 2 subunit (“S2″) (d), le nucleocapsid (“N”) (e; **P = 0.0084) .Barupeluoa ba entseng tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 (PCR le/kapa lateral flow) ba tsebahalitsoe;ts'oaetso eohle e etsahetse nakong ea likhoeli tse 6 tsa sampole ea mali.Papiso e ile ea etsoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo e nang le mehatla e 'meli ea Mann-Whitney.Lintlha li hlahisoa e le lichate (moeli o bohareng ho bohareng, moeli o ka holimo ho 75th percentile, moeli o ka tlaase ho 25th percentile) ka litelu tsa bonyane le boleng bo phahameng.Letheba ka leng le emela mofani.ns ha e bohlokoa.Heatmap f e bonts'a likamano tsa boemo ba Spearman lipakeng tsa mefuta-futa bakeng sa dataset e boletsoeng.Lipapiso tse neng li se bohlokoa ho latela lipalo li ne li qheletsoe ka thoko ho matrix 'me li tšoailoe ka lisele tse se nang letho.Lintlha tse tala li fanoa ka mokhoa oa lifaele tsa data tse tala.
The preset diagnostic positive cutoff of 14 e ne e nkoa e le ntho e sa utloahaleng ho hlahloba kotsi ea ho tšoaetsoa hape, kahoo mekhahlelo ea interquartile e ile ea thehoa ho theha mekhahlelo ea kotsi e feletseng.Moetso oa lipalo, o neng o kenyelletsa feela mefuta e nang le phello e kholo liphethong, o bonts'itse hore boholo ba karabelo ea lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ+ T e ne e le sesupo sa bohlokoahali sa 'mele oa ho itšireletsa mafung bakeng sa ho tseba menyetla ea motho ea ho ba teng. e lekoa bakeng sa COVID.-19 positive (Figure 2f le Supplementary Figure 4).Bakuli ba nang le karabelo ea sele ea SARS-CoV-2 e khethehileng ea IFN-γ+ T karolong ea boraro (194-489 pg/ml IFN-γ) le ea bone (>489 pg/ml IFN-γ) quartiles 65% (P = 0.055; KAPA 0.35, 95% CI: 0.11–1.00) le 90% (P = 0.0050; KAPA 0.098, 95% CI: 0.014–0.42) e bile le barupeluoa ba bangata.Monyetla o fokola (Supplementary Fig. 4).Ka kakaretso, barupeluoa ba nang le karabelo e khethehileng ea T cell ea SARS-CoV-2 ho tsoa maling a venous ≤79 pg/mL IFN-γ ba ne ba e-na le kotsi ea 43.2% ea ho tšoaetsoa ke ts'oaetso likhoeling tse 6, ha ba bapisoa le karabo> 489 pg/mL.ml ea IFN-γ e ne e e-na le kotsi ea tšoaetso ea 5.4% (tafole ea 2).
Teko ea mali a venous e na le moeli ka lebaka la tlhoko ea ho bokella sampole ke phlebotomist.Ho eketsa boteng ba tlhahlobo ea T cell le IgG bakeng sa SARS-CoV-2, ho entsoe mokhoa o mong oa ho etsa sampole ea mali ea capillary ho lumella barupeluoa ho fumana lisampole tsa mali tsa menoana lapeng.Ho ea ka tsebo ea rona, ha ho e-s'o be le litlaleho tse fetileng mabapi le tekanyo ea tšebetso ea antigen-specific T cell ka lisampole tsa mali tsa capillary.Kamano e matla e kile ea bontšoa lipakeng tsa lipalo tsa lymphocyte tse fumanoeng ho sebelisoa lisampole tsa mali tsa capillary le venous.Ntle le moo, ho tlalehiloe hore liteko tse felletseng tse thehiloeng maling tse lekanyang likarabo tsa lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific T li sebelisa 320 μL feela ea mali a venous,20 e felisang matšoenyeho mabapi le khafetsa ea lisele tsa pele tsa T lisampoleng tsa mali tsa capillary.
Re sebelisitse tlhahlobo ena e phahameng ea tšebelisano-'moho ea lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2 T le li-antibodies tsa IgG tse thehiloeng maling a capillary ho lekanya karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ho barupeluoa ba nang le li-comorbidities tse fapaneng le boemo ba pele ba ente / tšoaetso (Letlapa la 1).e hiriloe ho tsoa UK ho pholletsa le 24 January le 14 March 202214. Boholo (90.9%) ba lisampole tsa menoana li ile tsa fumanoa ka nepo 'me tsa romeloa laboratoring nakong ea lihora tse 24 tsa ho bokelloa.Maemong a mang, lisampole li ile tsa amoheloa nakong ea lihora tsa 48 tsa ho hula mali, empa ha ho le e 'ngoe ea mehlala ena e ileng ea feta licheke tsa taolo ea boleng' me ha ea ka ea ama litekanyo tsa kakaretso tsa T cell kapa antibody (Supplementary Fig. 5).Leha ho ne ho e-na le liphapang ka boholo ba karabelo e khethehileng ea SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ+ T e lekantsoeng ka lisampole tsa mali tsa capillary le venous ho batho ba bang, ho ne ho se na liphapang tse kholo ka kakaretso (P = 0.88; Fig. 6). ).).
Likarabo tsa lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ+ T li ile tsa eketseha haholo ho batho ba entoeng bao hape ba tlalehileng tšoaetso ea pele (P = 0.0001), empa e se e phahameng haholo ho feta ho batho ba neng ba e-na le tšoaetso ba neng ba sa entoa pele (P = 0.19, Fig. 3a).).Likarabo tsa IgG khahlanong le spike glycoprotein (RBD, S1, S2) li ne li phahame haholo ho bafani ba nang le ente ho feta ho bafani ba sa entoa, ho sa tsotellehe boemo ba pele ba tšoaetso (Setšoantšo sa 3b-d).Hoa thahasellisa hore karabelo e bolelang ea N-bound IgG e ne e phahame ka ho fetisisa ho barupeluoa ba neng ba sa entoa ba neng ba e-na le tšoaetso pele ba bapisoa le barupeluoa ba entoeng, le hoja sena se sa ka sa fihla bohlokoa (Setšoantšo sa 3e).Har'a bafani ba sa entoa le ba sa tšoaetsanoang ba ipoleletseng, barupeluoa ba 15 ho ba 37 (40.5%) ba ne ba le ntle bakeng sa N-linked IgG, ka holim'a moeli o neng o thehiloe pele oa 2.0 BAU / mL14;barupeluoa bana ba 15 Bakuli ba leshome le metso e 'meli ho bana ba ile ba lekoa hore ba na le IFN-γ + T karabelo ea sele ka holimo ho moeli o neng o thehiloe pele oa 22.7 pg/mL IFN-γ14.Ka hona, ho ka etsahala hore barupeluoa bana ba kile ba tšoaetsoa ke SARS-CoV-2 mme ha ba ka ba etsa tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 ka lebaka la boikhethelo ba bona, khaello ea PCR le / kapa lisebelisoa tsa phallo ea morao-rao, kapa ba ne ba se na matšoao.Le hoja ho ne ho e-na le kamano e kholo pakeng tsa likarabo tsa lisele tsa T ho IFN-γ + le N-linked IgG maemo a bafani ba sa entoeng (P = 0.0044; Setšoantšo sa Tlatsetso, karabo ea N-linked IgG e fokotsehile ka potlako ho feta karabelo ea N-linked IgG, athe IFN-γ + Likarabo tsa lisele tsa T li ile tsa bolokoa ho sa tsotelehe boemo ba ente, leha palo ea bafani ka libeke tse 50 kamora phephetso e ne e le tlase (Supplementary Fig. 8). Mofuta oa ente o ne o fapane haholo le likarabo tsa IgG tse khethehileng bakeng sa SARS-CoV- 2, T. lisele le tse amanang le RBD, leha barupeluoa ba fumaneng litekanyetso tse peli tsa BNT162b2 tse lateloang ke mRNA1273 revaccination li bonts'itse maemo a holimo haholo a lisele tsa IFN-γ + T a ne a le hlokolosi ho SARS-CoV-2 ho feta ba fumaneng litekanyetso tse peli tsa ChAdOx1 le BNT162b2 (Tlaleho Setšoantšo sa 9) Ho phaella moo, li-comorbidities tse tlalehiloeng li ne li e-na le phapang e fokolang ka kakaretso ho likarabo tsa lisele tsa T tse hlokometsoeng ha li bapisoa le bafani ba bophelo bo botle (Supplementary Fig. 10).
Likarabo tsa lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ+ T li lekantsoe ka tlhahlobo ea mali ea capillary 'me li ne li ipapisitse le liente tsa barupeluoa le boemo ba pele ba tšoaetso ba SARS-CoV-2 (bo tiisitsoeng ke PCR le/kapa tlhahlobo ea phallo ea morao-rao).'Vac + /Inf +' n = 42 (tala), 'Vac + /Inf-' n = 158 (putsoa), 'Vac-/Inf +' n = 33 (mosehla), 'Vac- /Inf-' n = 37 (bohlooho).****P <0.0001, ***P = 0.0001, *(Vac+/Inf- vs. Vac-/Inf-) P = 0.045, *(Vac-/Inf+ vs. Vac- /Inf-) P = 0.014 .Lits'ebetso tse tlamang tsa SARS-CoV-2 tse ikhethileng tsa IgG sebakeng sa spike receptor binding ("RBD") (b; ****P <0.0001, ns: ha e bohlokoa), spike subunit 1 ("S1") (c; * * **P <0.0001, ns: ha e bohlokoa), spike subunit 2 (“S2″) (d; ****P <0.0001, ***P = 0.0005, *P = 0.016) le nucleocapsid (“N”) (e; ****P <0.0001, ns ha e bohlokoa) li ile tsa lekanngoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea mali a venous le ho ipapisitse le liente tsa barupeluoa le pele ho SARS-CoV-2 (e netefalitsoeng ke PCR le / kapa tlhahlobo ea phallo ea morao-rao) Ts'oaetso e arotsoe ke boemo.'Vac + /Inf +' n = 46 (tala), 'Vac + /Inf-' n = 182 (putsoa), 'Vac-/Inf +' n = 34 (yellow), 'Vac-/Inf-' n = 37 (bohlooho).Papiso e entsoe ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea Kruskal-Wallis, e lokiselitsoeng ho bapisa hangata ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea Dunn.Lintlha li hlahisoa e le lichate (moeli o bohareng ho bohareng, moeli o ka holimo ho 75th percentile, moeli o ka tlaase ho 25th percentile) ka litelu tsa bonyane le boleng bo phahameng.Letheba ka leng le emela mofani.Lintlha tse tala li fanoa ka mokhoa oa lifaele tsa data tse tala.
Joalo ka pele, barupeluoa ba ile ba kopuoa ho tlaleha liphetho tse ntle tsa PCR le/kapa tsa phallo ea mali e haufi bakeng sa COVID-19;ho ea ka UK Health Agency, barupeluoa ba ne ba nahanoa hore ba tšoaelitsoe ke Omicron coronavirus (B.1.1.529) nakong ea ho hlahloba phapang ea kokoana-hloko e ntle, kaha e ne e le eona e hlahelletseng ka ho fetisisa UK nakong ea thuto.Har'a bafani ba ka lekanyetsoang ba 299, re bone sekhahla sa ts'oaetso sa 8.0% (24/299) nakong ea likhoeli tse tharo tsa monehelo oa capillary, ba supileng ba bona ba sa entoa.Palo ea li-comorbidities har'a bohle ba nkang karolo e ne e le tlase ho ba fumanoeng ba e-na le COVID-19 (10.7%) ho feta ba fumanoeng ba se na COVID-19 (24.4%, Lethathamo la 1), e ka bang ka lebaka la hore barupeluoa ba na le lintlha tse itseng. mafu a hlokolosi haholoanyane 'me a sireletsa khahlanong le liphello tse ka bang teng tse kang lefu la tsoekere le kankere.Joalo ka ha ho bonoa sehlopheng sa mali sa venous, SARS-CoV-2-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-positive T cell tse lekantsoeng ka lisampole tsa mali tsa capillary ho tsoa ho batho ba tlalehang tlhahlobo e ntle ea tlhahlobo ea COVID-19.Boholo ba karabelo bo ne bo le tlase haholo ho feta ho bafani ba sa tšoaetsanoang (P = 0.034; Setšoantšo sa 4a) ka lebaka la ho kenngoa ho fokolang ha T cell karabelo ka ente le / kapa tšoaetso ea pele (Supplementary Figure 11).Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, ha ho likarabo tsa RBD-, S1-, S2-binding IgG (Figure 4b-d) kapa RBD-, S1-neutralizing antibody likarabo e ne e le tse tobileng bakeng sa mofuta oa hlaha kapa delta SARS-CoV-2 (B. 1.617).(Palo ea tlatsetso 12).Batho ba kotsing leha e le efe e kholo ea tšoaetso ba ka tsejoa.Ho fapana le sehlopha sa venous, likarabo tsa IgG tse amanang le N le tsona ha li khetholle kotsi ea COVID-19 (setšoantšo sa 4e), e fana ka maikutlo a hore mofuta oa Omicron (B.1.1.529) o eketsa ts'ireletso ea 'mele ho batho ba neng ba tšoaelitsoe pele, joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe 21 haufinyane. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, matla a karabelo ea lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ T e ne e boetse e le phetoho ea bohlokoahali ho khethollang menyetla ea tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 (Setšoantšo sa 4f).Ka kakaretso, barupeluoa ba nang le SARS-CoV-2-specific capillary T-cell response ≤23.7 pg/mL IFN-γ ba ne ba e-na le kotsi ea 14.9% ea tšoaetso ka likhoeli tse tharo ha ba bapisoa le karabo> 141.6 pg/mL.ml IFN.-γ e ne e e-na le kotsi ea tšoaetso ea 4.4% (Letlapa la 2).
IFN-γ+ T cell karabelo e khethehileng bakeng sa SARS-CoV-2 (a; *P = 0.034) le SARS-CoV-2 e khethehileng ea IgG-targeted receptor-binding domain (“RBD”) (b), spike subunit 1 (' S1′) (c), spike subunit 2 ('S2′) (d) le nucleocapsid binding reaction ('N') (e).Barupeluoa ba tšoaelitsoeng ba na le tšoaetso bakeng sa liteko tsa COVID-19 (PCR le/kapa tlhahlobo ea phallo ea mali ea morao-rao), tšoaetso eohle e etsahetse nakong ea likhoeli tse 3 tsa sampuli ea mali.Papiso e ile ea etsoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo e nang le mehatla e 'meli ea Mann-Whitney.Lintlha li hlahisoa e le lichate (moeli o bohareng ho bohareng, moeli o ka holimo ho 75th percentile, moeli o ka tlaase ho 25th percentile) ka litelu tsa bonyane le boleng bo phahameng.Letheba ka leng le emela mofani.ns ha e bohlokoa.Heatmap f e bonts'a likamano tsa boemo ba Spearman lipakeng tsa mefuta-futa bakeng sa dataset e boletsoeng.Lipapiso tse neng li se bohlokoa ho latela lipalo li ne li qheletsoe ka thoko ho matrix 'me li tšoailoe ka lisele tse se nang letho.Lintlha tse tala li fanoa ka mokhoa oa lifaele tsa data tse tala.
Ha re ntse re kenella karolong e latelang ea seoa sa COVID-19, sepheo se tla tloha ho thibelo ho ea taolong ea likotsi tsa motho ka mong le ho khetholla litho tse tlokotsing sechabeng.Ho theha maqhama a ho itšireletsa khahlanong le COVID-19 ho bohlokoa ho tseba le ho phekola lihlopha tsena tse kotsing e kholo.Hona joale ho na le bopaki bo ntseng bo eketseha ba hore ts'ireletso ea T-cell e sireletsa khahlanong le tšoaetso ea SARS-CoV-2 mme e fokotsa ho teba ha COVID-1910.Lintlha tse hlahisitsoeng mona li bonts'a hore matla a kopantsoeng a likarabelo tsa lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ+ T khahlano le spike, membrane, le liprotheine tsa sebopeho sa nucleocapsid li fana ka tšireletso e kholo khahlano le COVID-19 ho feta kamoo li-antibody li tlamang. .mme e lokela ho elwa hloko ha ho lekolwa boitshireletso ba motho ka mong le/kapa mohlape.Livaerase tsa RNA tse joalo ka SARS-CoV-2 kapa vaerase ea ntaramane A (IAV) li qoba ho se nke lehlakore ka serological ka ho hlahisa li-epitopes tsa B-cell tse pepeneneng holim'a li-antigen tse bonoang ke li-antibodies.Karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e fanoang ke lisele tsa T e ka bonts'a sepheo sa li-epitopes tse tsoang libakeng tse sirelelitsoeng haholoanyane tsa liprotheine tsa vaerase tse ke keng tsa phonyoha karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung.Tšireletso ea T cell-mediated khahlano le mefuta e fapaneng ea SARS-CoV-2 e ts'oana le ts'ireletso ea heterosubtypic e kenelletseng ke T cell targeting ea liprotheine tsa kahare tse bolokiloeng tse bonoang ho IAV22,23 subtypes.
Leha ho na le monyetla o moholo oa ho lekanya karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ho COVID-19, ho se ho lebisitsoe tlhokomelo e nyane ho nts'etsopele ea litlhahlobo tse nepahetseng, tse phahameng, tse tloaelehileng tsa T-cell.Mathata a setso le litšenyehelo tse amanang le ho lekanya likarabo tsa lisele tsa T li thibela boikemisetso bo nepahetseng ba ho itšireletsa ha lisele tsa T ha ho hlahlojoa tšireletso e kholo ea baahi.Le ha litlhahlobo tse 'maloa tsa khoebo tsa peptide ea mali li sa tsoa fumaneha, motho e mong le e mong hajoale o hloka phlebotomist ho fumana mali, ho fokotsa ho fumaneha le sekala.Litsamaiso tsa mali tsa capillary li sebelisoa haholo ho tseba ho ata ha li-antibodies tsa SARS-CoV-2 sechabeng.Re ile ra ikamahanya le liteko tsa mali tsa capillary ho etsa liteko tse susumetsang peptide ea mali ho lekola ts'ebetso ea lisele tsa T ho liprotheine tsa sebopeho sa SARS-CoV-2 le likarabo tse ikhethileng tsa SARS-CoV-2.Ha e le hantle, tekanyo e kopantsoeng ea li-antibodies tse khethehileng tsa SARS-CoV-2 le lisele tsa T ka sampuli ea mali ea capillary e khahleha haholo: (i) e fokotsa tlhokahalo ea liteko tse ngata tsa mali ho morupeluoa ka mong, (ii) e ntlafatsa phihlelo ea barupeluoa le kutloisiso;35Le hoja ka kakaretso IFN-γ reactivity e ne e tšoana pakeng tsa li-sampuli tsa mali tsa venous le capillary, ho ile ha hlokomeloa hore e ne e le tlaase ho sehlopha sa mali sa capillary sa barupeluoa (setšoantšo sa 4a) ha se bapisoa le sehlopha sa mali sa venous (Setšoantšo sa 2a).Litekanyetso tsa IFN-γ Ho na le litlhaloso tse 'maloa bakeng sa se fumanoeng sena, e leng, palo e kholo ea barupeluoa ba nang le li-comorbidities tse hlokang phekolo ea immunosuppressive ba ile ba kenngoa sehlopheng sa sampling sa mali sa capillary (Letlapa la 1) le Viability le / kapa ts'ebetso ea lisele tsa T tse fumanoang ho tsoa ho vascular. disampole e ka ba tlase, haholo-holo ho nahanoa ka maemo a polokelo ea nako e telele ea lisampole pele ho ts'usumetso ea peptide.
Ente e teng hona joale ea COVID-19 e fana ka tšireletso e ntle ka ho fetisisa khahlanong le lefu le matla ho baamoheli ba bangata nakong ea likhoeli tse 6 tsa ente8.Hoa khothatsa, leha ho se na ho se sebetse hantle ha serological ho bakoang ke ente ea SARS-CoV-26,7, likarabelo tsa T-cell tse hlahisitsoeng ke ente e khahlano le mofuta oa SARS-CoV-2 oa mofuta o hlaha li ile tsa lula li sebetsa haholo, ha tse ling tse 25 li hlaha.Lintlha tseo re li hlahisang mona li bonts'a bohlokoa ba tlhahlobo e batsi ea ho itšireletsa mafung ka ente, e totobatsang liente tse nang le ts'ireletso ea T-cell e sa lekaneng ho thibela tšoaetso ea tšohanyetso le phetiso e tsitsitseng ea kokoana-hloko.Re boetse re hlokometse hore batho ba bangata ba sa entoa ba ngolisitsoeng sehlopheng sa capillary ba bile le karabelo e kholo ea lisele tsa T tse khethehileng tsa SARS-CoV-2 (le N-binding IgG) ho sa tsotelehe ente e fetileng, e kanna ea bakoa ke ts'oaetso e fetileng.Ho e-na le ho enta batho ba loketseng, kotsi ea bona ea tšoaetso e lokela ho hlahlojoa ho ipapisitsoe le boemo ba bona ba hona joale ba ente le liqeto tse entsoeng ka tsebo.
Meeli ea phuputso ena e kenyelletsa tiisetso ea hore bankakarolo ba tlalehile ts'oaetso ka SARS-CoV-2 kamora ho bokelloa ha mali ho bona bohlokoa ba boits'ireletso ba mmele;barupeluoa ba bang ba kanna ba ba le ts'oaetso ea asymptomatic mme ba sitoa ho etsa tlhahlobo ea PCR le/kapa tlhahlobo ea phallo ea morao-rao bakeng sa COVID-19.Lenane la rona la boitsebiso le lona le ne le se na tlhahisoleseding mabapi le meriana ea barupeluoa nakong ea sampuli ea mali.Ntle le moo, ha re nahana hore barupeluoa bohle ba tlalehile matšoao a bobebe / a itekanetseng kapa a se nang matšoao, ho ne ho sa khonehe ho tseba likarabo tsa 'mele oa ho itšireletsa mafung ho tsoa ho sete ea rona ea data e boletseng esale pele kotsi e eketsehileng ea ho kula haholo le ho kena sepetlele bakeng sa COVID-19.Leha ho le joalo, boteng ba likarabelo tsa lisele tsa CD8+ T khahlano le li-epitopes tse khethehileng tsa nucleocapsid haufinyane li amahanngoa le ts'ireletso khahlano le COVID-1926 e matla.Ntle le moo, tlhahlobo e sebelisitsoeng mona ha ea ka ea lekanya likarabo tsa lisele tsa T ho liprotheine tse seng tsa sebopeho tsa SARS-CoV-2 tse sa tsoa bonts'oa hore li bokellana ho basebeletsi ba tsa bophelo bo botle ba seronegative ba kileng ba kopana le bakuli ba nang le tšoaetso.Ho ipapisitsoe le mosebetsi ona, ha ho nahanoa ka ho ata ha phetisetso ea sechaba nakong ea ho hira le monyetla o moholo oa ts'oaetso ea batho ba bangata, palo ea lisele tse khethehileng tsa SARS-CoV-2 tse fumanehang litekong tsa rona le tsona li bonahala li khona ho hlakoloa.tšoaetso ea subclinical ka har'a lihlopha tsa rona.Qetellong, ha rea ​​ka ra lekanya tlhahiso ea interleukin 2 ka lisele tsa T hobane mosebetsi oa rona o fetileng o bonts'itse boitsebahatso bo fosahetseng ba likarabelo tsa T-cell tse khethehileng tsa SARS-CoV-214, leha likarabo tse tobileng tsa IL-2 li ka bonts'a ts'ebetso e neng e le teng pele.lisele tse amanang le ts'ireletso khahlanong le tšoaetso ea SARS-CoV-211.
Ha li kopane, lintlha tsena li totobatsa tlhokahalo ea mantlha ea lithuto tsa nako e telele tse kenyelletsang likarabo tsa SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell methang ea boits'ireletso ba palo ea baahi.Boiteko bona bo ka thusoa ke ho hlahisa tlhahlobo e ncha ea mali ea capillary e lekanyang karabo ea T-cell.
Morero oa lipatlisiso o hirile barupeluoa ho tloha ka Hlakola 2021 ho isa Hlakubele 2022. Sehlopha sa bafani ba phetseng hantle (n = 148) ba faneng ka lisampole tsa mali a venous e ne e le basebetsi ba univesithi le baithuti ba nkang karolo tšebeletsong ea tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 ea Univesithi ea Cardiff kapa basebetsi sekolong sa mathomo sa CardiffBarupeluoa bohle ba ne ba phetse hantle 'me ha ba ka ba tlaleha ho noa litlhare life kapa life tsa immunosuppressive (bona Letlapa la 1 bakeng sa litšobotsi).Sehlopha sa bankakarolo se faneng ka disampole tsa mali tsa capillary se ne se kenyelletsa bafani bohle ba boithaopo (ba lilemo li 18+) ho tsoa UK mose.Pakeng tsa la 24 Pherekhong le la 14 Hlakubele 2022, barupeluoa ba 342 ba ile ba ngolisoa thutong eo, bao 299 ea bona ba ileng ba kenya lisampole tsa mali laboratoring.Barupeluoa ba bangata ba ile ba lula ba sa entoa le / kapa ba tlaleha mathata a tebileng, ho kenyelletsa le mafu a autoimmune le mofets'e (sheba Letlapa la 1 bakeng sa litšobotsi).Phuputso ena e fumane tumello ea boitšoaro ho Komiti ea Boitšoaro ea Lipatlisiso ea Newcastle le North Tyneside 2 (ID IRAS: 294246) le Komiti ea Boitšoaro ea Boithuto ba Sekolo sa Bongaka sa Cardiff University (SREC ref: SMREC 21/01).Barupeluoa bohle ba fane ka tumello e ngotsoeng e nang le tsebo pele ho kenyelletsoa.Barupeluoa ha baa fumana matšeliso bakeng sa ho kenya letsoho phuputsong ena.
Lisampole tsa mali a venous li ile tsa fumanoa ka venipuncture ho 6 kapa 10 ml lithium kapa sodium heparin vacutainers (BD).Lisampole tsa mali tsa capillary li ile tsa fumanoa ka lancet ea monoana ebe li bokelloa ka li-microcontainer tsa heparin (BD).Ho hlokahala bonyane 400 µl ea mali;sampole efe kapa efe e ka tlase ho chelete ena e tla hanoa.Mabaka a mang a ho hana sampole a ne a kenyelletsa coagulation e kholo le / kapa hemolysis le ho hloleha ho bokella plasma ea viscous bakeng sa tlhahlobo (Supplementary Fig. 5).Kakaretso ea lisampole tsa mali tsa capillary tse 299 li ne li fumaneha bakeng sa ho hlahloba likarabo tsa antibody, tseo 270 tsa tsona li neng li fumaneha bakeng sa ho hlahloba likarabo tsa lisele tsa T.
Likarabo tse khethehileng tsa lisele tsa SARS-CoV-2 li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 Immuno-T (ImmunoServ Ltd) mme ea etsoa joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe pejana.Ka bokhutšoanyane, 6ml kapa 10 ml ea sodium heparin (BD) venous vacutainer (BD) e nkiloe ho monkakarolo e mong le e mong mme ea sebetsoa ka laboratoring nakong ea lihora tse 12 tsa pokello ea mali.Leha mehlala e mengata e ile ea sebetsoa nakong ea lihora tse 24, mali a le mong a 400–600 μl a heparinized microbleeding (BD) a ile a bokelloa nakong ea lihora tse 48 tsa sampole ea menoana.Lisampole tsa mali tsa venous le/kapa capillary li ile tsa khothaletsoa ka matamo a fapaneng a peptide a khethehileng bakeng sa SARS-CoV-2 (mofuta oa mofuta o hlaha) joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe pele14.Laeborari ena ea peptide e na le tatelano ea 420 15-mer e nang le li-amino acid tse 11 tse pota-potileng protheine eohle ea spike (S1 le S2) (S; NCBI protein: QHD43416 1), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (NP; NCBI protein: QHD43423 2) le membrane glycM ; protheine ea NCBI: QHD43419 1) tatelano ea likhoutu (e bitsoang "S-/NP-/M-combinatorial peptide library").Li-peptide tsohle li ile tsa hloekisoa ho> 70%, tsa qhibiliha metsing a sa hloekang 'me tsa sebelisoa ka bongata ba ho qetela ba 0.5 μg/ml ka peptide.Mehlala e ile ea kenngoa ka mocheso oa 37 ° C bakeng sa lihora tse 20-24.Joale li-tubes li ne li le centrifuged ho 5000 × g bakeng sa metsotso ea 3 le ~ 150 µl ea plasma e ile ea bokelloa ho tloha ka holimo ho sampuli e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea mali.Boloka lisampole tsa plasma ho -20°C nako e ka etsang khoeli pele u sebelisa litlhahlobo tsa ho lemoha cytokine/antibody.
IFN-γ e ile ea lekanngoa ho sebelisoa IFN-γ ELISA MAX Deluxe Set (BioLegend, catalog number 430116) 'me ea etsoa ho latela litaelo tsa moetsi.Hang ka mor'a hore tharollo ea ho emisa (2N H2SO4) e eketsoe, microplate e ile ea baloa ho 450 nm ho sebelisa sebali sa poleiti sa BioLegend Mini ELISA.IFN-γ e ile ea lekanngoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa curve extrapolation ho sebelisa GraphPad Prism.Litekanyetso tse ka tlase ho moeli o tlase oa tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo li tlalehiloe e le 7.8 pg/ml, litekanyetso tse kaholimo ho moeli o kaholimo oa tlhahlobo li tlalehiloe e le 1000 pg/ml.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD/S1/S2/N IgG antibodies e ile ea lekanngoa ho sebelisoa Bio-Plex Pro Human IgG SARS-CoV-2 4-plex panel (Bio-Rad, cat. no. 12014634) 'me e ngotsoe ho latela litaelo tsa moetsi .ditaelo .Mehlala ea ho tlaleha boleng bo kaholimo ho moeli oa palo e ile ea hlahlojoa hape ka dilution ea 1:1000.Kakaretso ea matla a fluorescence a lifaha a lekantsoe ka sesebelisoa sa Bio-Plex 200 (Bio-Rad).Maemo a antibody a ile a baloa ke VIROTROL SARS-CoV-2 single control assay (Bio-Rad) mme ea fetoleloa ho WHO/NIBSC 20/136 International Reference Standard Units (BAU/mL) ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa ho lekanya oa moetsi.
RBD le S1 subunit-specific neutralizing antibodies khahlano le SARS-CoV-2 wild-type le delta (B.1.617) SARS-CoV-2 mela e lekantsoe ho sebelisoa Bio-Plex Pro Human SARS-CoV-2 Variant Neutralization Antibody Kit (Bio -Rad , karolo ea 12016897), ho latela litaelo tsa moetsi.Lekanya palohare ea matla a fluorescence ho Bio-Plex 200 (Bio-Rad) 'me u bale karolo ea inhibition (ke hore, neutralization) u sebelisa foromo e latelang:
Litlhahlobo tse tšoaetsanoang tsa ho se nke lehlakore bakeng sa SARS-CoV-2 li entsoe joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe pele28.Ka bokhutšoanyane, 600 PFU ea mofuta o hlaha oa SARS-CoV-2 e kentsoe ka 3-fold serial dilutions ea plasma ka kopi ea hora e le 1 ho 37 ° C.Motsoako o ile oa kenngoa liseleng tsa VeroE6 ka lihora tse 48.Li-monolayers li ne li behiloe ka 4% paraformaldehyde, li kenngoa ka 0.5% NP-40 'me li kenngoa ka hora ea 1 ho thibela buffer (PBS e nang le 0.1% pakeng tsa 3% le lebese la skimmed).Sethibela-mafu sa mantlha (anti-nucleocapsid 1C7, Stratech) se kentsoe ho thibela buffer bakeng sa hora e le 'ngoe mocheso oa kamore.Ka mor'a ho hlatsoa, ​​​​lesole la 'mele la bobeli (anti-mouse IgG-HRP, Pierce) le ile la kenngoa ho thibela buffer bakeng sa hora e le 'ngoe.Li-monolayers li ile tsa hlatsuoa, tsa ntlafatsoa ho sebelisoa Sigmafast OPD 'me li baloa ho sebali sa poleiti ea Clariostar Omega.Liliba tse se nang kokoana-hloko, tse se nang kokoana-hloko empa li se na li-antibodies, le sera se tloaelehileng se bontšang mosebetsi oa lipakeng li ne li kenyelelitsoe tekong e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e le litsamaiso.
Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo e entsoe ho GraphPad Prism (mofuta oa 9.4.1).Ho tloaeleha ha sete ea data ho ile ha lekoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea Shapiro-Wilk.Ho ile ha sebelisoa mekhoa e seng ea parametric bakeng sa papiso eohle.Teko ea Mann-Whitney e ile ea sebelisoa bakeng sa lisampole tse sa kopanngoeng.Liteko tsohle li ne li e-na le mahlakore a mabeli a nang le moelelo oa bohlokoa oa P ≤ 0.05.
Tlhahlobo ea pele ea tlhahlobo ea dataset e entsoe ka R (mofuta oa 4.0.3).Sena se kenyelletsa nts'etsopele ea matrix a Spearman's univariate rank correlation matrix, moo kamano lipakeng tsa mefuta e 'meli e emeloang ke boholo le 'mala oa lisekoere.Bohlokoa ba lipalo lipakeng tsa mekhatlo bo ile ba baloa ho sebelisoa Spearman's rho, moo boleng ≤0.05 bo neng bo nkuoa bo le bohlokoa.Lipapiso tse neng li se bohlokoa ho latela lipalo li ne li qheletsoe ka thoko ho matrix 'me li tšoailoe ka lisele tse se nang letho.Litekanyetso tsa P li ile tsa fetoloa bakeng sa lipapiso tse ngata tse sebelisang khalemelo ea Holm.Ho ile ha sebelisoa mofuta oa binary logistic regression ho etsisa phello ea mefuta e fapaneng ho dataset mabapi le karabelo e ntle ho COVID-19.Likarabo tsa lisele tsa IFN-γ T le li-anti-RBD/S1/S2/N IgG titer scores li ile tsa fetoloa lintlha, moo motho ka mong a neng a abeloa quartile e loketseng bakeng sa lintlha ka 'ngoe.Ka mor'a moo, mohlala oa pele oa lipatlisiso o ile oa etsoa ho sebelisoa mosebetsi oa glm ka har'a sephutheloana sa lipalo-palo (V4.0.3).Likhakanyo tse tsoang mofuteng ona oa mantlha li ntšitsoe ho li-coefficients tsa mohlala ho sebelisoa mosebetsi oa 'odds_plot' ka har'a sephutheloana sa OddsPlotty (V1.0.2).Ha re theha mofuta oa netefatso, re sebelisitse mosebetsi oa "bestglm" ho tsoa ho sephutheloana sa bestglm (V0.37.3) ho fokotsa leeme la basebelisi le ho netefatsa hore ho ka khethoa sehlopha se setle ka ho fetisisa sa li-predictors.Mokhoa o khethiloeng e ne e le "o felletseng" mme lintlha tse sebelisitsoeng ho lekola ho lekana ha mohlala e ne e le AIC.Ts'ebetso e ts'oanang e hlalositsoeng ka holimo e ne e sebelisetsoa ho fumana karo-karolelano ea menyetla.
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